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1368 An American Dilemma
Education,” unpublished manuscript prepared for this study [1940], Vol. l, pp, 163-
I74-)
In another important case (Donald Murray v. the University of Maryland^ I 93 ^)>
the Maryland Circuit Court of Appeals decided that Negroes must be admitted to the
law school of the University of Maryland, and several Negroes have taken advantage
of the ruling.
Mangum, of, cit,y p. 79.
Ibid,^ pp. 80-82.
^®Wilkerson, of, cit,, Vol. i, pp. 209-212. Concerning the illegal situation in the
southern half of New Jersey, see Marion M. T. Wright, The Education of Negroes in
New Jersey (1941), pp. 183-193.
In May, 1942, a Negro minister of New York City was named to the board of
Union Theological Seminary, l^his was apparently the first time since Reconstruction
that a Negro attained such a position in a predominantly white educational institution.
Only two Southern states make legal provision for the extension of public library
service to Negroes.
‘‘In West Virginia, a state law requires all libraries receiving public funds to give
service to Negroes, and in Texas the law requires commissioners’ courts to make proper
provision for library service to Negroes through branches of the county free library.”
(Tommie Dora Barker, Libraries of the South [1936], pp. 51-52.) As a result, over
one-third of the public libraries serving Negroes in 13 Southern states in 1935 were
in West Virginia and Texas.
Referring to what happened to the proposed training school for delinquent Negro
girls in Georgia, Dabney reports:
“Talmadge even vetoed an appropriation voted almost unanimously by the Georgia
Legislature in 1941 for the operation of a training school for delinquent Negro girls.
The building had been paid for with the nickels and dimes of Georgia’s Negro women,
and had been presented by them to the state four years before. It had never been
opened, for lack of funds—and doubtless won’t be, as long as Georgia sends Talmadgcs
to the gubernatorial mansion, although Georgia has a training school for delinquent
Negro boys. So has every other Southern state except Mississippi, which has practically
as many Negroes as whites, but no training school for either delinquent colored boys
or delinquent colored girls.” (Virginius Dabney, Below the Botomac [1942], p. 214.)
Of, cit,, p. 234.
Many authors have observed that the coming of the cheap automobile has meant
for Southern Negroes, who can afford one, a partial emancipation from Jim Crowism.
“Race is most completely ignored on the public highway; there a Negro in a moving
automobile has not only a legal right to half the road, but in practice is accorded it.
The mechanics of the situation ensures that only the person careless of his own life
will dare claim more than his share. Some [white] people, observing this equality, fear
it is a bad precedent. Effective equality seems to come at about twenty-five miles an
hour or above. As soon as the car is stopped by the side of the road, to pick wild flowers
or fix a puncture, the color of the occupants places them in their traditional racial
roles.” (Arthur Raper, “Race and Class Pressures,” unpublished manuscript prepared for
this study [1940], p. 9.)
Mangum, of, cit,^ pp. 181-182.
Ibid^^ pp. 182 and 203-204.
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