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i. POSITION OF SWEDEN UNDER CHARLES IX. 251
Rostock for some two years longer. He had recently
(1586) become one of the professors of the college at Stock
holm, now, of course, under new management, after the
retirement of Klosterlasse, who was banished in 1580.
He, with his brother professors, Eric Skinner and Petrus
Kenicius, was thrown into prison by King John in 1589,
thus sharing the fate which had befallen the professors of
the Upsala high school about nine years before. In this
way King John had made enemies of all the most learned
men in Sweden, and had prepared the way for the reaction
against his life work, in which Nicolaus Botniensis was
now the principal leader. The three professors had been,
it seems, released just before his death, but they had
pledged themselves in 1590 and later to permanent opposi
tion to his liturgy, and especially to the sacrificial element
in it, to which I have referred.
2
It was no accident that on Botniensis tombstone,
amongst other pious texts, appeared in Greek:
"
I will
have mercy and not sacrifice."
3
2
Magnusson :
I.e., pp. 41 foil. Cp. :
Baaz, p. 484:
"
Probavimus autem manifestis demonstrationibus incruentum
illud sacrificium Missae Pap(alis) in Liturgia contineri : hoc sola
vestra negatio non refutat. Distinctio quam adfertis inter
"
Sacrificare
"
et
"
Offerre
"
(offra och frambara) non excusat
factum Sacrificuli, offerentis in Missa Liturg(ica) Filium Dei
ipsi Patri Hostiam Sanctam, etc., ut verba Liturgiae expresse
sonant, ex Canone Pap(ali) desumpta." This letter was ad
dressed to the Archbishop Andreas Laurentii Bjornram, an
eager "liturgist,"
who died at the beginning of 1591. Baaz s
accuracy as regards details of this correspondence is attacked
by Magnusson, but the sentence here quoted is not questioned.
At the Upsala-mote, during the session of the 3rd March,
Botniensis severely reproved Dr. Joachim, pastor of Upsala, for
his use of the term "sacrifice.
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