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3o6 VI. GREAT KINGS AND BISHOPS (A.D. 15931718).
is curious that at almost the same moment Sweden became
an absolute monarchy, and England a thoroughly con
stitutional one. The greatest point of difference in favour
of the Swedish Church is that the election of bishops and
clergy has been on a more popular basis, while in England
the same system of patronage has prevailed for both the
king having the nomination of the bishoprics, with com
paratively little check, and public and private patrons
having the nomination to benefices, also with rather
inadequate checks on the part of the instituting bishops.
Each nation lives under the system to which it is accus
tomed, and does not find its difficulties so great as men
of the other would imagine. To us the idea seems
strange that the king should prescribe texts for sermons,
while to the Swedes our system of election to bishoprics
appears very imperfect.
ii. IMPOSING ACTIVITY IN CHURCH MATTERS. CHURCH
REGISTERS. CATECHISM AND PRAYER BOOK.
ERIC BENZELIUS (ARCHBISHOP 1700 1709) EDITS
THE BIBLE. His FAMILY. FAMILY SYSTEM IN
PARISHES. NEW HYMN-BOOK. JESPER SVEDBERG,
BISHOP OF SKARA (1702 1735). His CONNEC
TION WITH NEW SWEDEN AND ENGLAND. His
FORM OF CONFIRMATION. HAQUIN SPEGEL OF
SKARA, LINKOPING AND UPSALA. His GOOD
WORK AND PATRIOTISM. THE TWO GEZELIUS* IN
FINLAND. THEIR "
BIBEL-VERK."
The activity which prevailed in the Church just before
and after the year 1700 was indeed very imposing in its
achievements. The system of Church registers which
Rudbeckius had introduced was made universal in 1686.
The system of private catechizing in families, both by
bishops and clergy, was begun. In 1689 a common
catechism was produced, and an edict of 1695 ordered uni
versal instruction in reading and in the catechism. In
1693 a new hand-book or prayer book was published, and
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