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446 APPENDIX B. EARLY SWEDISH SETTLEMENTS IN U.S.A.
3. NEW SWEDEN, PENNSYLVANIA. 1845.
Peter Kassel and four other families from Kisa, Ostergot-
land, migrated here in 1845, and settled, or rather founded, the
New Sweden settlement in Jefferson Co., Pa. A desire for
adventures seems to have been the primary motive for this
migration.
4. BISHOP S HILL, ILLINOIS. 1845-1854.
Erik Jansson, and members of a sect founded by him, and
generally known as the Jansonists, began to migrate in 1845.
Their chief centre in Sweden was Biskopskulla. They settled
in Henry Co., Ills., and called their colony Bishop Hill. The
largest number of this colony came in 1846, but new additions
of the colony continued to come until 1854. Religious persecu
tion by the ecclesiastical and civil authorities in Sweden was
the motive for this emigration.
5. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS. 1846-1852.
Some members of the Pine Lake colony moved early to
Chicago. In 1846 emigration parties were organized in Sweden
for the purpose of settling in Chicago. These parties came
from different localities. In 1846 came fifteen families ;
in 1847 forty families ;
in 1848 about 100 families ;
in 1849
some 400 Swedes, and in 1850 about 500 ;
in 1851 and 1852 some
1,000 each year. Economic reasons were the motives for these
emigrations, and from this time onward the chief motive for
emigration from Sweden has been a desire to better the
economic conditions of the people concerned.
6. ANDOVER, ILLINOIS. 1846-1849.
In 1846 about seventy-five persons left Kisa, Ostergotland.
They came that year no further than Buffalo, N.Y. In the next
years others joined them, and a part of them started on canal-
boats to go west. They reached Henry Co., Ills., in 1848, and
founded there the Andover colony. This colony was increased
in the following year, 1849, with some 300 Swedes from Kisa
and Grenna. Rev. L. P. Esbjorn was among the emigrants
that year. The Andover colony extended early into Swedona
and Ophicus, and became the largest Swedish colony at that
time.
7. SUGAR GROVE, PENNSYLVANIA, AND JAMESTOWN, NEW YORK.
1848.
The other part of the Swedes that came to Buffalo, N.Y., in
1846, went southward in 1848, and settled in Sugar Grove.
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