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died, in 1847, worn out by his literary strife, by
poverty and disease, the Annals were continued in
Sovremennik (The Contemporary), to which journal the
poet Nyekrásof contributed, and which in 1858-62
was in the main inspired by Tchernuishevski, who, as
an author of novels and works on political economy, had
made a deep impression on his time.
But the importance of the press in Russia must be
dated from the end of the Crimean War, and from the
début of Herzen as a journalist. For before this time the
influence of the writers was extremely small, chiefly
because the more intelligent circles spoke and read only
French, with persistent contempt for the journalistic
productions in their mother tongue; besides, they were
compelled to limit their attention to purely literary
questions, especially such as this, whether the Russian
literature ought to be purely national or not.
Now, at the close of the sixth decade, hundreds and
hundreds of newspapers and periodicals were at once
established. How numerous they were is best shown
by a fact stated by Eckhardt, that in 1858-60 not less
than seventy-seven large newspapers were compelled to
suspend publication, without being perceptibly missed.
Then, as it still happens down to the present day,
the large monthly periodicals, each number as thick as a
good-sized book, began to give abstracts of books in the
natural sciences, literary history, or economy, to furnish
political comments, and to publish long society novels
of German, French, English, or native authors. The
legitimate daily newspapers, with genuine Slavic
enthusiasm, plunged into the most extreme radicalism. They
became, as it were, giddy from the heights which
European culture had attained, and to which the youth
of the capitals and the denizens of the provincial towns,
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