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and Kirkby Thore (Thórir) ; Langley (Langlífs-ergh) ;
Lazenby (farm of the leysingi or freedman) ; Mansergh
(the slave’s shieling); Melkinthorpe and Melmerby
(from the Irish Maelchon and Maelmor) ; Ninesergh
(Ninian’s, in the estates of the ancestors of Gospatric f.
Orme) ; Oddendale (Audun’s, not Odin’s) ; Ormside
(Orm’s sæter); Ousby (about 1240 Ulvesby, Ulfs) ;
Ravenstonedale (the dale of Hrafn’s tún) ; Ramsey (as
in Wales and the Isle of Man, etc., Hrafn’s island) ;
Renwick (about 1177 written Ravenswic) ; Rusland (in
the thirteenth century Rolesland, Hrólf’s) ; Sizergh
(anciently Sigarith-erge) ; Soulby (perhaps Sölva-bær) ;
Stephney and Stavenerge (West Cumberland, Stephen’s
or Stefnir’s; perhaps not Pálnatóki’s father-in-law,
p. 186, and yet Cumbria too was Bretland) ; Swinside
(near Flimby, Suanesete, temp. Henry II., the sæter
of Svein) ; Thirlmere (perhaps Thorolf’s) ; Thurstonwater,
i.e. Coniston Lake (Turstini-watra in the
twelfth century, and doubtless the property of a
Thorstein at some earlier date) ; Thorpinsty, Cartmel
and Torpenhow, Cumb. (Thorfinn’s teigr and haugr) ;
Uckmanby, perhaps from Ögmund); Ullswater
(Ulf’s) ; Ulverston (Domesday, Ulvrestune, and not
Ulf’s, but Ulfar’s); Windermere (Hodgson Hinde’s
guess that this was Symeon’s Wonwaldremere, A.D.
791, is quite unsupported; twelfth century Wynandermare,
the lake of Wynand, perhaps Vé-ánund). All
these places seem to give the names of settlers, among
which one or two might be claimed as rather Danish
than Norse ; but, on the other hand, the Irish names
imply immigration from the west, or, at least, connexion
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