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THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY IN SWEDEN
products, for the open hearth process use only charcoal pig iron and scrap from own
works. The product obtained is therefore of superior quality, no extra refining from
impurities being needed.
CRUCIBLE STEEL.
Crucible steel is manufactured for the present only at two works, namely at
Österby, belonging to the old Dannemora Works, and Wikmanshyttan. At both places
the process has been in use for a long time and their products are renowned. The
latter work is still using the s. c. Uchatius’ process, consisting of refining granulated pig-
THOUSAND TONS
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
..’
V
1870 75 80 05 90 95 1900 05 10 15 20
Production of wrought iron and steel in Sweden 1870-1918.
iron in crucibles through melting with iron ore of the highest grade and purity. The
former works is remelting Walloon bar iron or therefrom prepared cemented bars.
ELECTRIC STEEL.
Steelmaking in electric furnaces was introduced in Sweden in 1900, when Dr. Kjellin
constructed the first induction furnace at Gysinge. Although Sweden is a country
uncommonly rich in waterfalls and with a well developed system of electric
power-stations, electric steelmaking has not developed so rapidly as would have been
expected. The reason is, that in Sweden unlike in other countries there is no need of
electric furnaces for refining purposes. Bessemer and open hearth metal is obtained
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