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NATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS. MORAL AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS. 161
A special group of country dwellings is constituted by the smaller
Manor-houses and the Residences set apart for the clergy, civil servants, and army
officers, though in the two last cases the system of providing such residences has
been for the most part done away with. The simplest type of these dwellings
consists of four rooms and a kitchen on the ground floor and two or more attics.
Where means and opportunity permit, the house is extended, either laterally or
by the addition of an upper story, or of a pediment giving space for one or more
attic rooms. The main building is usually flanked by a couple of wings of smaller
dimensions, for the servants and the farm-management.
Täckhammar. Manor-house in Södermanland.
Large Manor-houses and CastleB are to be found more or less frequently
in Central and Southern Sweden, but only rarely in the northern provinces. The
appearance of these residences differs in different parts of the country, the style
of architecture they display often depending on the dates at which they were
erected. Those in Skåne are both the oldest and the largest; the majority were
buih in the 16th century and in style resemble Danish buildings of the same
period. Remnants, though for the most part but fragmentary in extent, still exist
of medieval castles, not only in Skåne, but also in the rest of Southern and Central
Sweden; where, however, they — and indeed castles of the 16th century too —
are rare, if the royal castles are excepted. The latter are dealt with under the
head of »Architecture».
The 17th century, the period of Sweden’s political greatness, was the golden age
of the Swedish Manor-houses; then the generals having returned from the wars vied
with each other in the magnificence of the castles they erected. The number of these
castles is greatest in Södermanland and the other provinces round Lake Mälaren,
and they are finest there. Instances are: the Castles of Eriksberg in Söderman-
Sneden. 11
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