Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 1. Articles for Nutriment or Indulgence - Breweries, by A. Heljestrand, Master-brewer, Gothenburg - The Manufacture of Malt - Mineral Waters and Soft Drinks - Tobacco
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articles for nutriment or indulgence.
791
Rockstrdm’s apparatus for the pasteurization of beer, patented in 1899,
precludes the loss of any carbonic acid and removes the danger of the bottles
bursting by subjecting them to a pressure from without equal in force to that
which arises within when they are heated. This apparatus, constructed upon a
new principle, will probably prove a successful rival to older ones.
In 1903, an exoise was levied on the manufacture of beer in Sweden. This
excise is a maU tax, and is due with 12 Ore per kilogr. (68/* shillings or 1"64
dollar per cwt.), — though for the first 200,000 kilograms consumed during the
year progressive from only 2 to 11 öre per kilogram. Brewery only manufacturing
small-beer (Svagdricka, containing no more than 21A % volume of alcohol and brewed
with wort not holding above 6 % of extract Balling) is exempt from excise.
The Manufacture of Malt.
The malt required for the brewing of beer was formerly very generally
produced at the respective breweries, but now there also exist special establishments for
its fabrication. Most of these malteries are in immediate connection with breweries;
of 344, registered in 1900, producing a total of 519,321 quintals of malt, all but 17
were connected with breweries. The production of the 17 independent malteries
amounted to about 60,000 quintals. As above stated (article: Breweries), the
consumption of malt is about 500,000 quintals annually. (A quintal = 1’9 7 cwts.).
Halt Extract is made at certain chemists’ shops for the preparation of maltos
compounds, such as of maltos and iron, etc. The value of production, in 1900
was 29,000 kronor at 3 manufactories.
Mineral Waters and Soft Drinks.
A secure basis for the manufacture of these commodities has existed since
1875, thanks to A. T. Alméris valuable researches at that time into the
character and qualities of natural and artificial mineral waters. A distinction can
be made between medicinal waters, prepared from distilled water and a due
quantity of chemically pure salts to produce exactly the same composition as that
of corresponding natural waters, and soft drinks, in the preparation of which less
care is observed. It will not be too much to say that the medicinal waters made
by the best factories in Sweden are of most excellent quality, and that they, owing
to their uniformity, are even superior to the corresponding natural waters. The
waters produced by the Chemists’ Mineral Water Manufactory (Apotekarnes
mineralvattenfabrik) in Stockholm are specially celebrated.
There are, moreover, a large number of natural springs in Sweden,
containing chalybeate waters of medicinal virtue. These waters are bottled and sold
in many cases, for instance those of Porla, Ronneby, and Karlstad. The two last
named are exceptionally rich in iron. Others, again, contain iodine, though only
to a small extent. — Among soft drinks are to be reckoned ginger-beer and fruit
lemonades, in the fabrication of which, however, artificial essences are largely
used now in place of fruit juices.
In 1900, the number of factories under this heading was 240, with a total
production of 149,011 hectoliters, being nearly 3 liters for every inhabitant.
Tobacco.
The earliest mention of tobacco in Swedish annals is in 1629. In
1641, the so-named Söderkompaniet (South Company) obtained the ex-
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