Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 8. Manufactures of Stone, Clay, Charcoal, and Peat - Dutch Tile and Earthenware Manufacture - Lime - Glass Manufacture
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manufactured goods of stone, clay, charcoal, and peat. 845
At some stove tile factories there are also dishes and pots made of
ordinary plastic clay, with or without glazing. For making salt-glazed
earthenware or so-called stoneware, refractory clay is employed. This
industry thrives specially at Höganäs and Skromberga, in the province
of Skåne.
The export and import figures for tiles and crockery are included
in those for faience — see above (section: Chinaware). With regard
to the manufacture in the country, it was valued in 1900 at 1,808,000
kronor for tiles, and 1,238,000 kronor for earthenware.
Lime.
Several geological formations, for instance the primary formation,
the Silurian, the Cambrian, and the chalk formation, yield the raw
material necessary for the production by industrial means of carbonate
of lime. At limeworks, limestone is burned to form quicklime; at
chalk-works, loose chalk in its natural state is washed and purified.
Limeworks are found in 15 of the Läns in the country. The largest
number are in the province of Skåne; after that come the Läns of
Skaraborg, Örebro, and Gotland. In 1900, there were 61 limeworks, employing
1,043 hands. The turnout amounted to 1,574,691 hectoliters, valued at
1,698,000 kronor. The number of chalkworks was 10, employing 87
workmen and with a turnout of 173,594 quintals, valued at 222,000 kronor.
(A hectoliter = 3-s cubic feet. A quintal = 1-9 7 cwts.).
In 1900, there were imports to Sweden of 26,688 hectoliters of lime,
at a value of 39,000 kronor; the imports of chalk were still less in
amount. In the same year there were exports of 84,242 hectoliters of lime
at a value of 100,000 kronor, and of chalk at a value of 107,000 kronor.
Kieselguhr or infusorial silica, consisting of the silicious skeleton
of a diatomean, is found in considerable layers in Sweden both at
Osby, in Skåne, and in Lappland. Its chief use is as an isolating
medium for steam boilers, baker’s ovens, etc., and for dynamite. In 1900
there were two factories for the preparation of this article, with a
turnout valued at about 15,000 kronor.
Glass Manufacture.
Glass has been manufactured in Sweden since the decade of 1641/50,
when a glass-work was established in Stockholm, but the industry does
not seem to have reached to any degree of development until about
the middle of the 18th century. At that time some of the works still
in existence were started: Limmared in Vestergötland, 1740, Kosta in
Småland, 1741, Sandö on an island in the Ångerman elf, 1750, Liljedahl
in Vermland, 1761. Subsequently, new works also have been started:
Reijmyra in Östergötland, 1808, and Eda, Surte, Glafva, etc.
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