Full resolution (TIFF) - On this page / på denna sida - XX. Economic Progress During the Bernadotte Period - D. The Mining Industry - E. Manufactures
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Era of Progress Manufactures 339
A Desideratum. Sweden has an abundant supply of
the finest iron ore in the world. She desires to make a
more profitable use of it than simply to export it in a
raw state. She is looking forward to establishing iron
and steel manufactures on a large scale, but for this,
great power is needed. She has scarcely any coal
deposits, and importing coal or using charcoal would
be too expensive. She has, however, abundant water
power, which may be converted into electrical power.
This is one of her great problems for the future.
E. MANUFACTURES
Origin of the Machine Age. The machine age owes
its origin to the invention of the steam engine by James
Watt in 1769. This important invention was followed
by an almost endless series of machines extending to
our own day. These machines have completely revolu-
tionized the world’s industrial system. The spinning
wheel in the home has given way to the spindle in the
mill, the hand loom to the power loom, the handicrafts-
man to the laborer in the factory, and the domestic
system to the factory system.
Its Beginning and Spread in Sweden. Since the be-
ginning of the nineteenth century the new industrial
system has been developing in Sweden. Its first im-
pulse was given by the English mechanic Samuel Owen,
who established on Kungsholm in Stockholm, in 1809,
the first Swedish factory using steam power. Since
then one branch of industry after another has taken
the steam engine into its service. The natural resources
of the country, especially the forests and the mines,
have by the power of steam been developed as never
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