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Full resolution (TIFF) - On this page / på denna sida - Footnotes - Chapter 15 - Chapter 16
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Footnotes 1283
to the effect that their chances of being assigned to other than the lowest and least well-
paid jobs on W,P.A, are much smaller than corresponds to the actual skills of Negro
unemployed workers. Certain evidence presented by Sterner, although not quite conclu-
sive, makes it seem probable that such complaints are justified, at least as far as the
South is concerned. {Ibid,y pp. 249 and 251.)
The C.C.C. organized work projects at rural camps principally for boys aged 17
to 23 who were unemployed and eligible for relief or otherwise came from low income
groups. The work consisted of soil conservation, development of forests and parks for
recreational use, flood control and so forth. The objectives of the National Youth
Administration have been stated as follows:
“(a) to provide funds for the part-time employment of needy school, college, and
graduate students between sixteen and twenty-five years of age so that they can continue
their education; (b) to provide funds for the part-time employment on work projects
of young persons, chiefly from families certified as in need of relief, between eighteen
and twenty-five years of age, the projects being designed not only to provide valuable
work experience but to benefit youth generally and the communities in which they live;
(c) to encourage the establishment of job training and counseling service . . . ;
and
(d) to encourage the development and extension of constructive leisure-times activities.”
M. M. Chambers, “Youth Programs” in Social Work Yearbook^ i 94 i> ofn cU,, p. 614.
Sterner and Associates, of. cU,, p. 258.
Ibid., pp. 263-265.
Ibid., p. 287.
Ibid., p. 291.
Chapter 16. Income, Consumftion and Housing
^
A great number of studies on income of farm families have been made, but there
are probably none that give an exact picture of the income distribution of all Southern
farm families. Owing to the importance of income “in kind” in agricultural areas, it
is always difficult to get reliable statistics on farm income. Besides, many samples are
biased in either a high or a low direction. By surveying different studies having different
characteristics, however, it is possible to arrive at fairly safe general conclusions. Such
a survey has been made by Sterner and Associates, The Negroes Share, prepared for this
study ( 1943)9 pp. 62-70. In this context, we may content ourselves by citing the main
results of the two most important studies.
The plantation study made by T. J. Woofter, Jr., in 1934, indicates the average
annual income for families of Negro tenants and wage laborers on plantations was but
$278, whereas the corresponding figure for whites was $452. Negro wage laborers
earned as little as $175 per year. Even the Negro cash renters and share tenants were
not far above the $300 mark, being worse off than white sharecroppers, who earned
* Unpublished figures made available by Woofter, cited in Sterner and Associates, of. cit.,
pp. 67-68.
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