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Footnotes 1373
275 articles “favorable” to Negroes and 165 “unfavorable.” (The Chicago Commission
on Race Relations, The Negro in Chicago [1922], pp. 524, 532.)
In a study of 28 Texas newspapers, Ira B. Bryant, Jr., classified news about Negroes
as social, anti-social and neutral. The “anti-social” news was practically all about crime.
In the 16 urban newspapers, 84.4 per cent of all Negro items were anti-social, 12.8
per cent were social and 6.6 per cent were neutral. In the 12 rural newspapers, 59.8
per cent of all Negro items were anti-social, 24.5 per cent were social, and 15.7 per
cent were neutral. (“News Items about Negroes in White Urban and Rural News-
papers,” Journal of Negro Education [April, 1935], pp. 169-178.)
On the other hand, Robert A. Warner reports that the newspapers of New Haven,
Connecticut, are uniformly friendly to Negroes and do not report any undue selection
of crime news to the exclusion of other types of news. {Neze Haven Negroes [1940],
P- 275 -)
In a study of 60 issues of 17 white newspapers from various sections of the United
States, from July 15, 1928, to March 21, 1929, Gist found that 46.9 per cent of all
news space devoted to Negroes was “anti-social.” Gist felt that this was unusually low
since at that time newspapers were giving an unusual amount of space to Negro voting
in the election of 1928. (Noel P. Gist, “The Negro in the Daily Press,” Social Forces
[March, 1932], pp. 405-41 !•)
In a study of 4 Philadelphia newspapers for the years 1908, 1913, 1918, 1923,
1928, and 1932, Simpson found that the percentages of Negro crime news in all
Negro news space ranged from 51.1 per cent to 73.6 per cent. He further found that
the total amount of news space devoted to Negroes was progressively declining over
this 25-year period: the number of Negro news inches per 10,000 Philadelphia Negroes
fell from 159 in 1908 to 32 in 1932. (George E, Simpson, The Negro in the Phila–
delfhia Press [1936], pp. 115-I16.)
Time (September 8, 1941), p. 13.
James Bryce, The Relations of the Advanced and the Backward Races of Mankind
(1902), pp. 31-32.
2
®W. E. B. Du Bois, Black Reconstruction (1935), P* 5 ^*
Concerning the Southerner who says he knows the Negro, Moton observes:
“When one of these says he ‘knows the Negro’ it means that he has had them under
his control for very practical purposes and has come to a pretty wide and thorough
knowledge of the habits, mannerisms, foibles, weaknesses, defects, deficiencies, virtues,
and excellencies of this particular type of the race. It means, too, that he is thoroughly
familiar with the ethical, social, and moral code that obtains among white men of his
class in dealing with Negroes of this class and under the conditions obtaining in these
fields. In such a declaration he means to say that he knows how to get the required
amount of work from any given group of such Negroes, that he knows the conditions
under which they will work best, the amount of pressure they will stand, what abuse
they will submit to, what they will resent, under what conditions they will remain
cheerful, when they will become sullen, what and when to pay them, what food to
provide, what housing to furnish, what holidays to recognize, and what indulgences
to grant. Such a man knows, too, to what extent public opinion in his own race will
support him in his relations with his men. He Is familiar with all the local prejudices
and practices involved in ;*ace adjustments; he is adept according to these in ‘keeping
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