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ARMENIA AND THE NEAR EAST
3 22
Turkish Government in 191 5 ; that they organized volunteer
forces, and, under their heroic leader Andranik, bore the
brunt of some of the heaviest fighting in the Caucasian cam
paigns ; that the Armenians, after the breakdown of the
Russian Army in 1917, took over the Caucasian front and
delayed the Turkish advance for five months, thus rendering
an important service to the British Army in Mesopotamia ;
that Lord Bryce’s Blue book, entitled Treatment of Armenians
in the Ottoman Empire, was widely used for Allied propaganda
in 191 6-1 9 1 7, and had an important influence upon American
opinion and upon President Wilson’s ultimate decision to
enter the war.
2. Because during the war and since the Armistice, the states
men of the Allied and Associated Powers have given repeated
pledges to secure the liberation and independence of the Armenian
nation.
These obligations were undertaken on November 9, 1916,
by Mr. Asquith as Prime Minister; on January 5, 191 8, by
Mr. Lloyd George ; on January 8, 191 8, by President Wilson ;
on July 23, 1918, by M. Clemenceau ; on March 11, 1920,
by the Marquis of Curzon as Foreign Secretary, etc.
3. Because in part Great Britain is responsible for the final
dispersion of the Ottoman Armenians after the sack of Smyrna
in 1922.
The Greek war against Turkey, which led to the final destruction
and expulsion of the Christian minorities in Asia Minor, was
initiated and protracted under the direct encouragement of the
British Government.
4. Because the £5,000,000 (Turkish gold) deposited by the
Turkish Government in Berlin, 191 6, and tåken over by the Allies
after the Armistice, was in large part (perhaps wholly) Armenian
money.
5. Because the present conditions of the refugees are unstable
and demoralizing ; and constitute a reproach to the Western
Powers . . .
The document goes on to ask, " What can be done ? "
We recognize with deep regret that it is impossible now to
fulfil our pledges to the Armenians. . . . But there is open to us
another method of expressing our sense of responsibility and of
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