- Project Runeberg -  Norway and Sweden. Handbook for travellers /
322

(1889) [MARC] Author: Karl Baedeker
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Museum of the Caroline Institute (Pl. B, 4), Handtverkare-Gatan 3, a
medical collection, Mon. 1-3.

Riddarholms Kyrka (p. 327J, in summer (May-Sept.) Tues. & Thurs.
12-2, 25 Ö., Sat. 12-2, free; in the other months, Tues. it Thurs. 12-2, on
application to the ‘Vaktmästare’ at the Riksmarskalks-Embetet in the SAY.
wing of the Royal Palace (25 Ö.).

Riddarhuset (p.327), on week-days, on application to the ‘Vaktmästare’,
who is to be found till 3 p.m. in the antechamber on the first floor, to
the left. Fee 1 kr.

Royal Archives (p. 328), week-days, 10-2.30.

Royal Palace (p. 324), daily, in the absence of the royal family.

English Church (PI. 21; B, 2), Rörstrands-Gatan (p. 333); chaplain.
Rev. Frederick Case.

Principal Attractions. National Museum (p. 334); Northern Museum
(p. 330); Royal Palace (p.324): Riddarholms Kyrka (p. 327); view from
the Mosebacken (p. 342); walks on the Skeppsholm (p. 343) and in the
Djurgärd (p.344); excursions to Drottningholm (p. 348), Oripsholm (p. 350),
and to Gustavsberg (p. 352) or Vaxholm (p. 352).

Stockhotm, the capital of the Kingdom of Sweden, and the seat
of government and of the supreme courts of law, with 227,000
in-hab., in 59° 20’ N. lat. and 18° 5’ E. long., lies at the influx of
Lake Mätaren into an arm of the Baltic (Saltsjön). It possesses
excellent harbours both in the Baltic and Lake Mälaren, which are the
scene of busy traffic, except during the four or five months in winter
when they are usually frozen over. The situation of the town on
islands, on a plain , and on rocky hills, surrounded by water and
islands in almost every direction, is exceedingly picturesque.
Stockholm has therefore not inaptly been called the ‘Venice of the
North’, and has sometimes been also compared with Marseilles or
Geneva; but no such comparison can convey an adequate idea of
the place, which differs in many respects from all others. The
most striking peculiarity of the city consists in the fact that it lies
in immediate proximity with primæval forests and rocky islands,
where to this day there is hardly a trace of cultivation. Various
modern improvements have been effected in the Norrmalm, or N.
quarter of the town, but in the Södermalm, the Knngsholm, by the
Observatory, and in the Skeppsholm and Kastellholm the bare
granite rock is frequently seen protrudingin the midst of the houses.

History. The most ancient national chronicles mention a settlement
which lay on the site of the modern city of Stockholm , hut which was
very unimportant compared with Sigtuna (p. 357) or with Gamla Upsala
(p. 362). After the place had been repeatedly plundered and destroyed
by pirates and hostile tribes (the Esthnnians and Karelians, about the year
1188), Birger Jarl in 1255 fortified Staden, Helgeandsholmen, and
Riddar-holmen, the three islands now occupied by ‘the city’, protecting them
with towers and walls, and constituting them the capital of his dominions.
Since that period the history of Sweden, and particularly that of the
numerous conflicts between the Swedes and Danes, has centred around
Stockholm. It was long before the city extended beyond the limits of
these three islands. The increasing population had indeed several times
begun to occupy the mainland to the X. and S., but these settlements
were as often swept away by the Danish besiegers (Margaret in 1389,
Christian I. in 1471, and Christian II. in 1520). At length from the middle
of the 16th cent, downwards the citizens were enabled to extend their
borders in peace. During the regency in the reign of Christina, the
daughter of Gustavus Adoiphus, the precincts of the city were extended

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