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238 NOTES
Page 66.
P. A. Muncu. Peter Andreas Munch (born in Christiania, December
15,1810; died in Rome, May 25, 1863) became professor of history in
1841 and Keeper of the Archives in 1861. He was not only one of the
greatest historians of Norway, but also a philologist,an ethnographer,
an archaeologist, a geographer, and a publicist. His chief field was the
prehistoric age and the medieval period. He traveled much in the Scan-
dinavian lands and elsewhere in Europe, made several long stays in
Rome, and was buried there. His main and best known work is the His-
tory of the Norwegian People, in eight large volumes, published from
1851 to 1863. This and his other writings greatly strengthened the
national self-consciousness and sense of independence. Munch had a
phenomenal memory, marked talent for music and drawing, playful
humor, incredible capacity for work, rare intuition for epoch-making
discoveries. In a speech in 1892 Bjornson placed Munch by the side of
Wergeland (see page 262) as a fosterer of national self-consciousness
and faith in the future: “We can remember when we were young, how
P. A. Munch’s History came out in parts, and how he fought with the
Danish professors, to get Norway brought home again from Danish
captivity in history also,— we can remember how eventful it was for
us, and how it had its share in molding us. . . . He had his large share
in what our generation has done. I put his work in this way by the side
of Wergeland’s.”
Through primeval Asian forests, etc. These lines refer to the so-called
“immigration-theory” advanced by Rudolf Keyser and elaborated by
Munch, which maintained that the remote ancestors of the Swedes and
the Norwegians migrated from the northeast into the Scandinavian
peninsula about 300 B.c.: the Swedes from Finland and the North-
men through Lapland. These scholars also held that Old Norse liter-
ature, as being the product of Norway and Iceland, was distinctly
Norse, and not “ Northern” or joint-Scandinavian.
When 1 call, paraphrase of Isaiah xlviii, 13.
Who again shall reunite it? Munch left no peer in international
reputation.
Coursed the sea-ways toward his standard. Not only was Munch
honored throughout Europe, but he was the first to secure for Norwe-
gian history its rightful place in European history.
Page 75.
KING FREDERIK THE SEVENTH. His death occurred November 15,1863,
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