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248

(1915) Author: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson Translator: Arthur Hubbell Palmer With: Arthur Hubbell Palmer
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248 NOTES

appointed pastor at Kinn in the Sondfjord, married in 1831 a sister of
Welhaven, and in 1839 was transferred to Manger, near Bergen. Both
the places mentioned were very convenient for zodlogical study, which
Sars resumed at once and continued unbrokenly. His earliest published
work appeared in 1829; it was of first-rate importance, and his repu-
tation was soon established everywhere in the world of learning. In
1853 he sought retirement from the Church, and in 1854 was made
professor of zodlogy in the University, where he continued his remark-
able researches until his death. He was a pioneer in his special field,
the lower marine fauna, and his aim from the beginning was not
merely to discover new species, but to trace the physiological processes
and the development of these lower, minuter forms of life, —ovology,
embryology, organology. It was his work that led to the deep-sea expe-
ditions of Te Challenger and other similar voyages.

Page 133..
To Jouan SveRDRUP. Written in November, 1869. Johan Sverdrup
(1816-1892) was the greatest political leader and statesman of Norway
in the nineteenth century, and left the deepest traces in all its recent
history. He settled in Laurvik in 1844 as a lawyer, was soon active in
municipal politics, laboring for the interests of the working-class, and
was elected to the Storting in 1851. Reélected in 1854, and regularly
thereafter till 1885, his authority in the Storting and his power in pub-
lic life steadily increased. From 1871 on he was President of the Stor-
ting, except in 1881 for reasons of health; from 1884 to 1889 he was
Prime Minister. A consistent democrat, he created and led the party
of the Left, or “ Peasant-Left,” and contended all his active life for the
establishment of real government by the people, .e., a constitutional
democracy with parliamentary rule. This, the fulfillment of his famous
saying, “All power ought to be gathered in this hall [7.e., in the Ster-
ting],.’ was consummated in June, 1884. Few.men in Nosway have been
so bitterly assailed by political opponents, and few so idolized by fol-
lowers. He was a masterful orator, inferior only to Bjornson,
Assassination, An allusion to Ibsen’s The Young Men’s Union, first
performed in Christiania on September 30, 1869. Bjornson regarded
the drama as directed against himself and his political friends. In
1881 he wrote : “ With the word assassination I did not mean that con-
ditions and well-known men were aimed at. What I meant was,
that The Young Men’s Union tried to make our young liberal party into
a band: of ambitious. speculators, whose. patriotism could be carried off

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