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74 JOHN ANSTEINSSON
und Unterschlagworte». This gives his Schlagwort-Katalog much resemblance
to a classified catalog, where the classes and groups are arranged in
alpha-betical order instead of logical sequence.
von Wyss has been followed in this, more or less, by Zedler of
"Wiesbaden, Koch of the Nationalbibliothek in Vienna and Schleimer of Graz, while
Bohatta of the Universitätsbibliothek in Vienna and Schmid of Stuttgart more
strictly adhere to the principle.
The Subordination of specific subjects with correlative general headings
will be of three kinds: 1) Class headings with all the specific subjects
pertaining to it in alphabetical subarrangement, 2) Collective headings,
arranging all the individual subjects of the same character in sub-headings,
3) An apparently individual subject with various topical sub-headings.
Fermat’s theory will according to this be entered under Zahlentheorie:
Fermat’s Satz; and the Ortler Mountains will go under Berge: Ortler Gebirge,
Ambras Castle will go under Schlösser Ambras; and Tyrol: Lokales.
Foxterrier will be entered under Hund: Fox-terrier, and Koch goes even so
far as entering e.g. all wars under Krieg, subdivided chronologically by
the dates of each war.
The advantages of this practice are obvious. It keeps related subjects
together in one place in the catalog and saves the student the effort of
determining the heading for his subject exactly beforehand. When the
cataloger takes the pains to determine the specific subject by means of
sub-headings, the method is generally exact, but gives of ten cumbrous and very
lengthy headings.
The main difficulty is to know just where to draw the line: when to
use a specific entry and when to use a general heading with topical
sub-headings.
von Wyss will let it depend upon the number of titles in a group. If
he has only one hundred titles in the class Chemistry, he will keep them
under Chemie, whatever their specific subjects may be. Koch and Schleimer
follow him in this. Both show a preference for collective headings, which
are too artificial in many cases. For example the entry of all wars, battles,
peace Conferences under Krieg, Schlag, Friede, etc., is hardly logical or apt
to agree with the ordinary reader’s way of looking up a subject.
The simplest way will always be to enter any subject with a definite
and commonly used name directly under this name. The direct entry
pre-vents all uncertainty, doubt and embarassment both for the cataloger and
the reader. A specific entry cannot be avoided any way. To help the
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