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_____________ SUBJECT CATALOG — SCHLAGWORTKATALOG 77
The German rules differ widely in this matter, so it is difficult to
make a general statement describing the German practice. Some of them
show a strong preference for geographical headings even with the risk of
being inexact in their Statements, others will use the adjective form almost
always, some will invert the heading, others will retain the national
adjective in first place.
The Zürich rules introduced five various categories of subject headings:
Sachbegriffe, Personenbegriffe, Ortsbegriffe: Formbegriffe and Zeitenbegriffe.
This classification has been taken up by all the other German rules, and
practically they are found in the American Dictionary catalog also.
It is impossible to go further into details, but it will be of use to
state the American practice in case of coincidence of two or more of these
categories in one book. The personal subject headings as a rule will be in
a class by themselves, taking precedency of all the categories. The same
will apply to the geographical headings with the limitations indicated before.
In all other cases the topical headings will have the prime importance and
come first, eventually followed by a local subheading if treated from a local
viewpoint or with a geographical reference, and if limited to a certain
period, the inclusive years will follow. The formal entry is most frequently
used as subheading, either alone, or in combination with oiher subheadings.
When a general and a specific subject is correlated in a book, the specific
subject will come in first position followed by the general.
It is impossible in the few minutes allowed to me, to make a detailed
comparison of the vast material at hand, I have been able to suggest only
some few of the salient points. One of the most striking differences I have
not touched at all, because it principally regards the author, or nominal
catalog: the corporative authorship; viz. the faet that institutions, bureaus,
societies, or any corporative body is considered as author of their own
publications and consequently these publications are entered in the
author-catalog under the name of the corporative body. This incidentally and
automatically also solves the question, how to enter in the subject catalog
books that have such bodies as their subject.
Undoubtedly the alphabetical subject catalog has a great future also
in European libraries. Librarians who consider to adopt this catalog can
with great advantage study the American practice. It is only to be regretted
that the rules are not codified as the case is for the author- and title catalog.
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