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observations (In the vegetation ol- tUe Vntarctic sea 259
Masses of very large diatoms, one Triceratium and one Corethron
were met with Of macroscopic forms, 1 found Sphacelaria sp.,
Desrna-restia Harveyana (one piece only), Iridea cfr. cordata (one small piece
with Plocamium Hookeri attached to it with the tops of its branches).
It is possible, that the Sphacelaria has lived there for some time.
Iri-dica is a common littoral plant. The richest harvest of elittoral forms
was made st. 95, which was the last. The depth was 95 m., the bottom
sand and clay with some stones. Pieces of Desmarestia Harveyana
and anceps, one entire specimen and one piece of Lessonia simulans,
pieces of a large Iridcea, one entire Nitophyllum, masses of Polysiphonia
sp., several specimens of Delisea pulchra, Schizoneura quercifolia with
young shoots, growing on living sponges, Plocamium Hookeri, Ccramium
sp., Callithamnion (?) sp., Ptilota cfr. confluens were brought up. I hardly
doubt that Polysiphonia, Schizoneura and Delisea grew on the spot. I
cannot say anything at all about the rest. The Desmarestias are so
common, that one can expect to find pieces of them almost everywhere.
At st. 7 (360 m.r), clay, 1 found lots of pieces of Desmarestia
Harveyana. In the sand and clay from st. 78, 109 nr., were small
fragments of different algæ. At st. 83, 163 one entire specimen of
Desmarestia Harveyana was found, at st. 87 a couple of smaller forms. St.
79, in a depth of 479 m., stony bottom, gave one great Floridea and
several smaller forms, that of course can never have lived there.
It seems to me noteworthy, that algæ, brought up by the dredge,
have not absolutely been caught at the bottom. To judge from the
numerous finds of algæ in the sand or clay in localities, where they cannot
live, drifting algæ must be very common in the Antarctic Sea, and so
a drifting piece might sometimes slip into the dredge when pulled up.
At st. 90 B, 719—726 m., and 93, 625 m., the clay contained pieces
of algæ, more or less destroyed.
After all, my experience seems to show, that an elittoral flora
exists, though probably only locally and scantily, but also that one
has to very careful when judging of finds in greater depths.
The charakteristic formations.
Concerning the formations, I refer to the account given by
Bør-gesen (1. c. p. 707). Thus 1 get only a few formations, real
comprehensive group of smaller »societies», which I will call associations, as
Børgesen does. KjELLMAN describes three formations, the formations of
Coral!inacece, Fucacece and Laminariaceæ.1 It is not very easy to find
1 Alg. Aret. Sea, p. 13—16.
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