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THROUGH THE GAUCASUS TO THE VOLGA
96
narrow valleys between, which—especially in the
southern part—mostly run north-west to south
east, parallel with the main direction of the range.
In the north of the mountain-land the ridges and
valleys to a great extent run north-eastwards (cp.
P- 35)-
Among the most important rivers in the Daghestan
mountains is the Sulak, formed by the junction of
the Andian Koisu, the Avarian Koisu (Kara Koisu)
and the Kasimukhian Koisu. With its valleys,
running north-east and north, this river-basin takes
up the whole northern part of the mountain-land.
In its southern part the biggest river is the Samur,
which with its valleys runs in its upper reaches
south-east, and then bends north-eastwards and
with its lower reaches måkes the boundary with
Azerbaidjan. The flat lands in the north of the
republic are watered by the river Terek, which
with the many arms of its wide delta covers a great
area.
While the mountains in Chechnia and its border
province Ichkeria are clothed in thick forests,
mostly of great beeches—anyhow they were before
the Russians partly destroyed them during the war
against Shamyl—the valleys and mountains of
Daghestan are bare and treeless, but for a few
places.
The population of the republic of Daghestan
according to the census of 1926 was 788,000, of
whom 383,000 were men and 405,000 women.
There were 85,000 persons in the bigger towns,
and 705,000 settled on the land. The percentages
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