- Project Runeberg -  The eskimo Tribes /
23

(1887) [MARC] Author: Hinrich Rink
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of kinship terms, and their ability in remembering their relatives
several generations back. If therefore instead of a remote
ancestor, we suppose one who lived four generations or even
longer back and if we lay no stress upon the question about
father or mother-right, the original elements of the gentile
organisation may be said to exist in Eskimo society. A strict
rule for a married couple and their children as to living with
either the relatives of the husband or the wife could not be
preserved by people whose sustenance was dependant of
choosing the most favourable hunting stations. But on the other
hand THE ESKIMO DISAPPROVES OF MARRIAGES BETWEEN COUSINS,
while where mother right prevails among Indians, the gentes
organisation does not seem to forbid a man marrying his father’s
brother’s daughter.

The next question to be taken into consideration is that
concerning THE IDEAS OF PROPERTY. The «COMMUNISM OF
LARGE HOUSEHOLDS EXTENDED BY THE LAW OF HOSPITALITY»
is a principle common to Eskimo and Indians. We have
already touched on this question in mentioning the dwellings. THE
COMMUNISM IS RESTRICTED in the first place by what may be
called PERSONAL PROPERTY in the strictest sense, which consists
of the necessary tools and the equipment for hunting; secondly
by what belongs to A FAMILY likewise in the strictest sense;
thereafter in the common stock of provisions or part of capture
shared with the inhabitants of the same house, with the other
HOUSES OF THE STATION or perhaps with some of them. A
body of relatives corresponding to a «gens» generally will
consist of people occupying the same wintering place or some of
its houses, if there are more of them than usual. The rights
and obligations connected with the kinship are contained in
rules concerning marriage, mutual assistance including the
bloodvengeance and the duty of every man to learn and carry
on sealhunting to the best of his ability. The inhabitants of a

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