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- III. The Land Laws of Finland
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CHAPTER III
THE LAND LAWS OF FINLAND
There is one great difference between a self-governing
people and those who are oppressed by their rulers or
by a privileged class; that in the case of the former
revolution is unnecessary. Violent change may, for
some reason, be necessary in a country, and it may
be carried out by a popular movement or by an
autocratic decree, but it is always less happy in its
consequences than a change due to free natural evolution.
We see, for example, the immediate effects of the
changes produced by the French Revolution; by the
Hapsburg monarchy, and by the rulers of Prussia
and even more of Russia, which illustrate the
difficulty of revolutionising rural institutions; and the
advantage possessed by countries where such
measures are unnecessary. In Finland natural
development is the rule, the only exception to it being that
part of the country which was under Russian rule
during the last century and was therefore organised
according to Russian principles.
Throughout the greater part of Finland rural
legislation has chiefly concerned itself with enclosures, that
is, the abolition of the common property of parishes
and villages, and the distribution of the intermixed
acres of common village-fields among the several
proprietors. These measures, which were essential to
every kind of progress, have been of the greatest
benefit to the people. “Storskifte,” this re-distribution
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