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45

(1902) [MARC] Author: Niels Christian Frederiksen
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well as by the whole Diet, and examine the legality
of the decree of 1826, which had given the full rights
of ownership in their estates to the Russian nobles.
It was thought better to make an attempt to purchase
these rights, which were not really of any great money
value, and then re-sell the farms to the peasants.
These latter would, of course, be obliged to pay full
value; to act otherwise would have been unjust to
the taxpayers; and it was calculated that the
purchase money distributed over the whole population
would mean an increase in taxation amounting on an
average to sixty marks for each family in the country.
The nobles, it was thought, would be satisfied if they
received sixteen and a half years’ purchase of their
rents. In 1867 the Diet gave permission to borrow
12,000,000 marks for this purpose, and the amount
has since reached 17,500,000 marks. Some of the
nobles sold at moderate prices; — Countess Varvara
Mussin-Puschkin, for instance, and her husband
Captain Kotchubei, and the Russian Department of
Mines, which demanded only 1,250,000 marks for
four northern villages with 12,000 inhabitants and
immense forests, which were kept as State
property. For certain other estates it was found
necessary to pay more than the estimated sum; as, for
instance, the estate of Prince Galitzin with its 5000
inhabitants, for which the owner asked 1,500,000
marks, the estate of Baron Freedericksz with its
population of 8000, which was bought for 2,500,000
marks, and that of Prince Oukhtomski, which also
contained a population of 8000, and for which
2,300,000 marks were paid. The estate of Kyyrölä
has recently come into notice, because some of the
peasants there sent, and induced the Emperor to
receive, a counter-address to the addresses of the

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