Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Forestry
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more like a bush than a tree. It grows but slowly
there. In Southern Finland, in moderately rich soil,
a pine takes eighty-two years to attain a diameter of
20 centimetres at a height of 7 metres, while in
Central Finland it takes 105 years, and in the north
below the Lapmark 131 years to reach the same size.
A larger trunk of 25 centimetres, such as would be
required at the saw-mills, takes respectively 111, 142,
and 175 years in the above-mentioned three parts of
the country. The height of a tree 100 years old is in
these three regions 25, 21, and 18 metres; or, in the
best possible soil, 33, 27, and 19 metres; or, in the
least fertile soil, 18, 15, and 9 metres. The
difference is thus very great. While it pays in the south
to let a forest grow for 120 years, it may be profitable
farther north to let it remain for 150 or 200 years;
and in the farthest north no time seems to be sufficient
for the regrowth of a forest which has once been
cut down. The most valuable boards and planks, of
from 9 to 12 English inches, require a tree-trunk
measuring at least 10 English inches or 27
centimetres at the thin end. Wood of this measurement
is worth two or three times more per cubic foot than
when it is cut down in trunks of 18 centimetres. In
the far north, on the other side of the watershed, in
the Lake Enare district of the Lapmark, it has taken
as much as 282 to 392 years before a pine has
obtained a thickness of 25 centimetres at a height
respectively of 4 and 6 metres.
The fir (Abies excelsa) or Norwegian spruce is
generally less valuable than the pine; in its ordinary
dimensions it is worth on the average 20 per cent.
less than the latter. But the demand for it has
increased considerably; in particular, the extensive
modern requirement of white wood for paper-pulp and
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