Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Forestry
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being made in sowing and planting the larch, which
grows very far north, and of which an interesting
plantation was formed in the first part of the
eighteenth century by the Russian Marine Administration
in the parish of Nykyrka, in the south-eastern
corner of Finland. Experiments are now being made
with the Weymouth pine, silver fir, white fir, “Balm
of Gilead” or balsam fir, Pinus strobus, Pinus cembra,
and the Douglas spruce from the North American
Pacific coast. Yet other trees and bushes are found
in the north, the Guelder Rose or viburnum, one of
the buckthorns, the brackwood and others. In the
south-western corner of the country, especially on the
islands, a richer and more varied vegetation is found,
buckthorns and blackthorns, hawthorns, lime-trees,
bird-cherries, crab-apples, yews, honeysuckle, a few
sloes, and a number of roses. In the gardens we meet
several kinds of poplars (including the abele tree or
white poplar and the balsam poplar), horse-chestnuts,
lilacs, spinæas, snowberries, barberries, apples, cherries
and smaller fruits, among which the black currant,
gooseberry and raspberry extend comparatively far
northwards. Some of the most perfect rose gardens
are found in this northern country.
In the woods of Finland and on its moors and
marshes, as well as in Sweden and Norway, we find
a large abundance of berries — strawberries, raspberries,
bilberries, whortleberries, cranberries, and the excellent
cloudberries (Rubus chamæmorus), and roebuck berries
(Rubus arcticus). The peasants and cottiers frequently
used to pay, and even still pay, part of their rent in
berries. Fruit in the south is sweeter, in the north
more aromatic. In the United States, all these berries,
especially the large variety of cranberries, bring in
millions of dollars to those who cultivate and pick
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