Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Forestry
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The province of Uleåborg, which forms the northern
part of the country, contains about half of all the land
in Finland. Even up here there are great stretches
of well-cultivated land near the coast; and on
the sandy sub-soil which we meet here in one part
of the country, we find the celebrated prairies of
Limingo. But in the east of this same district of
Uleå, which extends from the Gulf of Bothnia to
the Russian frontier, we find in the parish of Kuusamo
an immense forest which even now has not been fully
explored. At the enclosure, communal land here to
the extent of 82,000 acres was reserved for two
parishes. In the interior, in the district of Kajana,
people have lived, and still largely live, by burning tar
in the forest. We may well be astonished, however,
to learn that in this part of the country, with its
immense tracts of woods, there are continual complaints
about a lack of timber. We do not refer only to
the buildings on the coast, where, as in Iceland,
dwelling-houses are made of turf because there is so
little timber; it is from parishes where the peasants
hold some 5000 acres of forest each, from Upper
Torneå, for instance, that complaints come of a lack of
wood, with the result that the government has granted
each man from 1200 to 2500 acres of Crown forest.
A good many of the peasants have met this liberal
treatment by an immediate sale of all their heavy
timber, the contract being usually that a loan is
granted without interest, which they must repay by
delivering wood. In certain parishes with large
forests the peasants, owing to their bad economy, have
now nothing to sell from the woods except the osier
bark. The destruction of the forests began in this
part of the country and continued in the Lapmark,
on the only land there which, so far, has been divided
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