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manufacturers at once to look out for new foreign markets,
Russia continues to be the best market, though
considerable quantities are exported to England and
Germany, some to Denmark, Holland, and France, and
a little even to Brazil and Japan. Paper to the value
of 1½ million marks is imported. This large development
in the trades connected with pulp and cellulose
has taken place entirely during the last two decades.
Among the older-established paper-mills is the
factory formerly belonging to Messrs. J. C. Frenckell
and Sons in Tammerfors, with very varied goods, and
where rags, straw, pulp and cellulose are all used;
and the Tervakoski factory in Southern Tavastland,
belonging to a company under the management of
A. F. Wasenius, a mill which uses only rags and
produces the finest kind of paper, which has been well
represented at the various Paris Exhibitions. The
first large pulp factory was established by F. Idestam
in Tammerfors in 1865 and later at the Falls of
Nokia in the same neighbourhood. The latter place
is well known in older Finnish history, as it is
to-day, for its beautiful situation on the Kumo River,
where it runs out of the Pyhäjärvi, or “Holy Lake,”
bringing a mass of water from the Näsijärvi lake system.
This company now produces cellulose also, as well as
all kinds of paper. Among other mills which make
partly pulp or cellulose and partly paper may be
mentioned the Mänttä factory, north of Tammerfors,
established by the late G. A. Serlachius; the Valkiakoski
factory, east of Tammerfors; the Ingerois factory at
the Anjala Falls on the Kymmene River, belonging
to the Tammerfors Linen and Iron Manufacturing
Company; two great factories belonging to the
Kuusankoski and Kymmene Companies at the
Kuusankoski Falls in Kymmene; the great new
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