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and talented family, which, though settled in Holstein,
originally hailed from the North of Scotland, and
contributed many a famous name to art and literature.1
In the meantime the unfortunate risings of the Stuarts
in 1716 and 1745 became the cause of a new influx of
Scotsmen into Sweden. A curious proof of this is given
us in a lawsuit which, in 1716, was carried on by Lars
Gathenhielm against the captain (skeppare) of a French
vessel called La Paix de Calais. It had been ordered
to Scotland in order to embark and save several officers
who had served under the Pretender, and had on board
twenty Scotsmen, among them Lord Duffus, who landed
in Sweden. The vessel was to return and take up other
fugitives in Scotland. A fate similar to that of these
officers overtook the founder of a large business concern
in Göteborg, which is flourishing to this day under the title
of Carnegie & Co., viz. George Carnegie. Like so many
others of the Pretender’s adherents, he had to fly after
the Battle of Culloden. He is said to have evaded his
pursuers by gaining the coast and rowing out in a frail
boat until he met with a sailing-vessel whose destination
was Göteborg.2 Here he soon succeeded in building up
one of the foremost business firms.3 After a strenuous
activity of twenty years, Carnegie returned to Scotland,
leaving the Göteborg business to his trusty friend and
book-keeper, Thomas Erskine, who in 1803 handed over the
management of it to George Carnegie’s son David. As a
proof of the strong position of the firm and of the
1 Karl Ross, the artist (1816-58), and Ross, the archaeologist and
classical scholar (1806-59). See Allg. Deutsche Biographie, xxix.
243 ff.
2 See “Från vår merkantila och industriela verki” (Andersson,
Fredberg), i., ii.
3 There was a Hans Carnegie in Göteborg in or about 1645, when
his name is mentioned in an action against Henry Sinclair. Riks A.
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