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quite free, his dissatisfaction with the 400 Thaler he
received monthly from the town : all this contributed to
make his presence hated. In 1633 his rule was ended;
he left the town, as some say, with six baggage-waggons
loaded with booty, whilst he had entered it on a couple of
miserable nags, (Kleppern) the u Geigwanst.”1 The
revenues of the county of Kilchberg were assigned to
him by Gustavus Adolphus, to which Christina afterwards
added those of the monastery of Roggenburg.
But before he left Ulm in 1633 the fatal November
day of 1632 had closed on the battlefield of Liitzen. The
body of the Defender of Protestantism, of the Golden
King of the North, covered with gore from many wounds
and trampled upon almost beyond recognition, had been
sorrowfully removed. Whatever of earthly dross there
may have adhered to his soul, it had been burned away,
and the pure gold appeared refined in the fiery trial of
battle. His loss seemed irreparable to those high in
command as well as to the commonest “ Trossknecht.”
Among the documents referring to the Thirty Years’
War in the Royal State Archives in Stockholm is
preserved a short description of the Battle of Liitzen, written
in German by a common soldier, an eye-witness. It
contains these words : “ When His Royal Majesty was
dead, the sun lost its brightness and did not shine any
more till well into the fourth week, and the thick fog
remained also for several weeks.” 1 2
1 See article on Ruthven in Ulm in the IVurtcmbcrgische Vicrteljahrschrift
fur Landeskunde, 1888, Heft. ii. pp. 142 ff. The author does not
know what became of Ruthven afterwards ; thinks it probable that it was
a certain Lieut.-Col. Ruthven who was buried at Ulm in 1647. He
confuses the Marquis of Hamilton with one of the many other Hamiltons, etc.
2 Handl. Tysku Kriget; Jöns Månsson’s diary. Riks A. : “ Indem
Ihre Majestät war geblieben, verlor die Sonne ihren Schein und schien
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