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alt under tiden undfly lagarnes åtgärd. Den
allmänna säkerheten fordrar således en
afvi-kelse derifrån; och redan den blott
anklagades frihet måste kunna inskränkas.* Men
då erfarenheten åter visat, att den
oskyldigaste kan blifva föremål för en falsk
beskyllning, så är det af högsta vigt, att den
anklagade anses såsom oskyldig, och såsom
sådan behandlas, intill dess motsatsen, i behörig
ordning är bevistj ty straffet bör icke föregå
brottet*
Beccaria säger**: Imprisonment being
only the means of securing the person of the
* Where men are to one another objects of
affection and of confidence, where they are
generally disposed not to offend, government may be
remiss $ and every person may be treated as
innocent, till he is found to be guilty. As the
subject, in this case, does not hear of crimes, so
he need not be told of the punishments inflicted
on persons of a different character. But where
the manners of a people are considerably changed
for the worse, every subject must stand on his
f uard, and government itself must act on
suita-le maxims of fear and distrust. The individual,
no longer fit to be indulged in his pretensions to
personal consideration, independence, or freedom,
each of which he would turn to abuse, must be
taught, by external force, and from motives of
fear, to counterfeit those effects of innocence and
of duty, to which he is not disposedr he must be
referred to the whip or the gibbet, for arguments
in support of a caution, which the state now
requires him to assume, on a supposition that he is
insensible to the motives which recommend the
practice of virtue. Ferguson.
** Dei Delitti e dellc Pane. Se Engelska
Öfvci-sättningen.
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