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the Laplanders never came originally from the Russians, nor as others think
from the Tartars, but from the Finlanders, having bin driven out of their
Country, and forc’t to change their habitations often, till at length they
fixt in this Land where they now live: and that Country, which from the
remove of its inhabitants was called Lapland, had the same name continued
by the Swedes, who had conquered the greatest part thereof. For after the
Swedes had learnt from the Finlanders that they were called Lapps, they also
gave them the same name, then the Danes took it up: then Saxo, afterwards
Ziegler, then Dam. Goes, who had the account which he gives of the
Laplanders from Ol. and Joh. Magn. and so at last all the Country was called
Lapland from the Bay of Bothnia Northwards, especially after it was made
subject to the Swedes, except only that part which lies on the Coasts of
Norway, which retained its antient name of Finland; as also that part towards
the white Sea, called by the Moscovites, Cajanica, altho these sometimes
call the inhabitants Loppi, which without doubt they took from their
neighbours the Finlanders.
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CHAP. VII.
Of the Religion of the Laplanders.
Having seen the rise and Original of the Laplanders, we come now
to speak more distinctly of them, but first of their Religion; not only
what is now, but also what was before Christianity came to be receiv’d there.
For there were Laplanders, or at least some Inhabitants of Lapland before
the Christian Religion was introduced: such as the Finni, Leppofinni, Scridfinni,
or Biarmi, as is above said; but it was very long before the Laplanders
properly so called embraced the Christian Religion. At first there is no
doubt they were Pagans, as all the Northern Nations were, but being all
Pagans were not of the same Religion, it may be enquired which the
Laplanders profest. And I suppose it could be no other then that of the
Finlanders, from whom they derive their original, and consequently their
Religion too. But what the Religion cf the Finlanders was is very uncertain,
since we have no account of the ancient affairs of that Nation. Therefore
we must make our conjectures from the Biarmi, and Scridfinni, as also from
some remains among the Finlanders and Laplanders.
We have already prov’d the Biarmi to be the first Colony that the
Finlanders sent into Lapland of whom this is chiefly recorded in ancient
Monuments, that they worship’d a certain God whom they called Jumala: which
Jumala or Jomala is manifestly a different word from what is mentioned
in the Hiftory of St. Olaus King of Norway, and of Herrodus, for they
relate it as peculiar to the Biarmi, and unknown to themselves; who being
either Goths, Norwegians or Islanders, it cannot possibly be any old Gothic
word, but of some other Country, and therefore most probably of Finland,
where it is now in use. For God, which is by the Swedes, Goths, and
all of the same original termed Gott, or Gudh, is by them called Jumala;
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