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- Impressions of Russian Literature
- VI
- VII
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VII.
Russia’s last great realist and dreamer, Count Leo
Nikolayevitch Tolstoï, is more powerful than
Turgenief and more healthy than Dostoyevski. He
approaches Turgenief in pessimism; in Slavic piety and
faith in the Russian common people he approaches
Dostoyevski. In common with the latter, he has a
distrust of the culture of Western Europe, only he extends
it so as to embrace all civilization.
His fancy is far-reaching, epic. So far as he is
concerned, the proposition is true that the novel is the
modern epic. He has not only like other authors given
a phase of culture and the life of so-called good society
in and out of the capitals of Russia, but in his greatest
work he has depicted an age, an army, a people, and a
historic catastrophe of the first rank, Napoleon’s
campaign and defeat on Russian soil.
He was born August 28, 1828, on the estate Yásnaya
Polyána, in the department of Tula, lost his father in
1837, went to the University of Kazán in 1843, where
he studied jurisprudence and the Oriental languages, but
returned to his estate at the end of three years. In
1851 he served in the army of the Caucasus, where he
made his first essay as an author, took part in the
Crimean War, was in the battle at Tchernaya and the
siege of Sevastopol, and, on the conclusion of peace,
obtained his discharge. In 1857 he made his first
journey abroad, visiting Germany and Italy. On his
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