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- XIV. Older Russian Sects
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CHAPTER XIV.
OLDER RUSSIAN SECTS.
Tsardom and Orthodoxy—Reforms of Nikon—The Stanoveri—Popovtsi and
Bespopovtsi—The “Antichrist-Tsar”—Specimens of Hymns—Contempt of
Suffering—Stranniki (Wanderers) and Beguni (Fugitives)—How They are
Made—A Sectarian’s Story—Moltchalniki (Dumb)—An Advocate’s
Experience—Prugoni (Dancers) and Chlisti (Flagellators)—Origin and
Tenets—Initiation Ceremonies—Orgies—Skoptsi
(Mutilators)—Mutilation—Samonstrebitjeli (Suicides)—Nje Nashi (Agnostics)—Their Behaviour
towards Authorities.
Though Tsardom and the Orthodox Church in Russia are now
so indissolubly associated, they are not exactly twin powers in
the matter of age. It was in the eighth century that some
Greek missionaries proclaimed Christianity throughout the
land, and introduced, at the same time, a certain degree of
that civilisation which then followed the Greek tongue. The
Church thus established took firm root in the land, but Tsardom
was of later growth by four or five centuries. Before Russian
unity was won, a terrible scourge of Tartar rule had to be
borne for three hundred years, just those three hundred years
that saw the bowing of the English neck beneath the yoke of
Dane, Norman, and Angevin, and left them at last a united
nation. Under this reign of barbarism nearly all traces of the
older culture were swept away; the Church remained as an
institution, but the spirit was for the most part quenched. As
regards the liturgy, many small departures from the usage of
the Greek Catholic Church crept in, and a number of words
were incorrectly spelled. Small matters these, but such as
fasten with a firm hold upon a people of strong religious
emotions and slight culture. The Tartars were subdued in the
thirteenth century, and Tsardom triumphed, but the Church
was unreformed until, at the instance of the patriarch Nikon,
a revised liturgy was published in 1659. To us the reforms
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