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IOO
SIGURD I-INDQUIST
exempelvis buddhismen. Kan man då finna spår av en annan
metod, mera genuin inom taoismen själv? Ja, utan tvivel, men
den framställes eller snarare förutsättes vara bekant på ett
intressant sätt. Tao-te-king tiger genomgående i detta stycke,
vilket sammanhänger med skriftens karaktär av läroframställning
och saknad av diskussion i friare form över där behandlade
frågor. Däremot är Tschwang-tse fullt tydlig. Jag använder
Legges utmärkta översättning.1
»’Can I learn the Tåo?’ Nü Yü said, ’No. How can you? You,
Sir, are not the man to do so. There was Pü-liang I who had the
abilities of a sagely man, hut not the Tåo, while I had the Tåo,
but not the abilities.’» Här uppdrages en bestämd gräns mellan ett
intellektuellt tillägnande av vishet å ena sidan och ägandet av tao
å den andra. Taoisterna förakta den förra sortens möjligheter. »’I
wished, however, to teach him, if, peradventure, he might become
the sagely man indeed. lf he should not do so, it was easy (i
thought) for one possessing the Tåo of the sagely man to
com-municate it to another possessing his abilities. Accordingly, I
pro-ceeded to do so, but with deliberation. After three days, he was
able to banish from his mind all wordly (matters). This
accom-plished, I continued my intercourse with him in the same way; and
in seven days he was able to banish from his mind all thoughts of
men and things. This accomplished, and my instructions continued,
after nine days, he was able to count his life as foreign to himself.
This accomplished, his mind was afterwards clear as the morning;
and after this he was able to see his own individuality. That
in-dividuality perceived, he was able to banish all thought of Past and
Present. Freed from this, he was able to penetrate to (the truth
that there is no difference between) life and death; — (how) the
destraction of life is not dying, and the communication of life is
not living. (The Tåo) is a thing which accompanies all other things
and meets them, which is present when they are overthrown and
when they obtain their completion. Its name is Tranquillity amid
all Disturbances, meaning that such Disturbances lead to Its
Perfec-tion.’ — ’And how did you, being alone (without any teacher),
learn all this?’ ’I learned it’, was the reply, ’from the son of Fü-mo;
he learned it from Shan-ming; he learned it from Nieh-hsü; he, from
Hsü-yi; he, from Wü-åo; he, from Hsüan-ming; he, from Tshan liào;
and he learned it from 1-shih.’»
Framställningen gör det alldeles klart, att det gäller en
träning i en praktisk färdighet, nämligen i en gradvis fort-
’ Sacred Books of the East, vol. XXXIX, s. 245 ff.
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