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We now pass on to consider by what livelihoods the
population of our country chiefly seeks its maintenance, and how large
a part each of the great branches of industry plays in the economy
of the country. Here, too, it may be interesting to compare the
results of the last two censuses. For this purpose, the following
survey is subjoined of the total number of persons who were
associated directly or indirectly with the various occupations and
businesses, considered absolutely and relatively.

	Total Number of Persons		Percentage
	1876	1891	1876	1891
Agriculture, cattle-farming & forest cultivation . . .	1,052,638	975,047	58.06	48.65
Fishing.......	102,685	171,885	5.46	8.58
Industries & mining . .	352,716	461,756	19.39	23.04
Trade, transport by land, etc.	129,279	189,392	7.10	9.45
Navigation......	118,679	118,729	6.53	5.92
Intellectual work ....	62,856	87,293	3.46	4.36
Total	1,818,853	2,004,102	100.00	100.00

Thus in 1891, almost half the Norwegian population gained
a livelihood by agriculture, and about a fourth part by industries
and mining, while trade and transport by land came third,
fishing fourth, and shipping fifth. The first and largest group,
however, exhibits a marked decline since the previous census,
namely from 58.06 to 48.65 per cent. It must here be remarked,
however, that the line of demarcation between agriculturists and
several of the other groups, fishermen in particular, is very
uncertain, as a considerable number of persons along the coast carry
on both fishing and farming. It is therefore probable that a
comparatively greater number of these persons have been classed as
fishermen in 1891 than in 1876. This circumstance, however, does
not detract from the correctness of the figures, as in any case
there is a considerable falling-off in the number of persons associated
with agriculture, while all the other groups, except shipping, give
occupation to an increasing percentage of the inhabitants of
the country.

A reliable comparison of the classification of the population
of the several countries, according to occupations, is very difficult
to obtain. We shall therefore here confine ourselves to the

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