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- Population, by G. Amnéus
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An earlier calculation of the number of children in every
marriage in the various countries shows that Norway stands well
in this respect, the average number of children by a marriage in
our country being 4.70; in Holland, where the number is greatest, it
is 4.88, and in France there is a minimum of 3.46.
DEATHS.
When, in spite of the very large amount of emigration during
the last half century, the Norwegian nation has still been able to
show such a rapid growth as it has done, this has its explanation,
as will appear from what has been already said, not in any
specially large number of births, but in an unusually low
death-rate among the population.
The number of deaths varies far more from year to year than
the annual number of births. For the last few years, the figures
are as follows for Norway: in 1893, 32,915 deaths, in 1894, 34,355,
in 1895, 32,189, in 1896, 31,574 — thus showing a difference, between
1894 and 1896, of between 8 and 9 per cent.
Considered in relation to the population of the country, there
were in the years 1881—1890. as in the preceding 10 years, 1.70
deaths in every 100 inhabitants. If this rate of mortality be
compared with the conditions in this country some time ago, there
will be found a regular decrease in the mortality since the
twenties, the death-rate falling from 1.98 per cent during the years
1826—1835, to 1.91, 1.83, 1.80 and 1.75 per cent successively during
the following periods of ten years. During the years 1890—1892,
the rate of mortality showed some increase, but has since again
shown a decrease, the year 1896 presenting the unusually low
death-rate of 1.62 per cent.
This steady decrease in the mortality bears witness to the
growing culture and prosperity of the population, as also to the
progress of the science of medicine during the century just expiring.
The death-rate is more favourable in Norway than in any
other country in Europe, with the exception of Sweden, that
country being able of recent years, to show just as low a
death-rate. The average death-rate for most European countries during
the years 1881—1890 was 2.77 per cent (during the years
1801—1820, 3.15 per cent). It was highest — 3.45 per cent —
in Russia.
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