Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - International Position, by Ebbe Hertzberg
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It was supposed in Swedish quarters that the Storthing called
together in October would immediately take steps to recognise the
king of Sweden as king of Norway. The Storthing, however,
took the opposite course. It resolved, indeed, provisionally on the
20th of October, that Norway should be united to Sweden on
certain conditions; but on the other hand, it deferred its
acceptance of King Christian Frederik’s abdication until, by means
of negotiations with the commissioners appointed by the Swedish
king, an agreement had been come to as to the changes necessary
in the constitution in connection with the proposed union. Not
until these had been effected did the Storthing formally accept
King Christian Frederik’s abdication, and on the 4th of
November, 1814, they elected Carl XIII of Sweden, to be king of
Norway.
On the 10th of the same month, the union thus formed was
proclaimed in the Storthing by the crown-prince, Carl Johan, in
person, on behalf of King Carl XIII, in terms that intimated that
the new king based his rights upon the spontaneous and
unanimous choice of the Norwegian people, and not upon any previous
treaties, in which the Norwegians themselves had had no part.
Especially with regard to the treaty of Kiel Sweden upheld that
since Denmark had not been able to fulfil her share in it, and
Sweden in consequence had been forced to wage war anew, and
make arrangements with Norway upon another basis, it was not
to the stipulations in the said treaty that the union of the two
kingdoms owed its existence, but to the confidence of the
Norwegian people. In accordance with this view, Sweden refused to
fulfil another of the provisions of the treaty of Kiel in conformity
with which Swedish Pomerania was to be ceded to Denmark. On
the contrary Sweden made over her Pomeranian dependency to
Prussia, in return for a large sum of money; and the king of
Denmark had to content himself with receiving from that power,
as compensation, the small duchy of Lauenburg, north of the Elbe.
Sweden was thus instrumental, as far as she herself was
concerned, in adducing practical proof of the nullification of the treaty
of Kiel.
The further conditions of the union between the two
countries were laid down in an Act of Union, the so-called Rigsakt,
passed in 1815 by the respective representatives of the two
kingdoms. In its introduction it reiterated that the union was brought
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