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to these, nets are much used, partly drifting or floating (for herring
and mackerel), partly seine-nets (cod and herring). Only two kinds
of sweep-nets are mainly used, namely large herring-nets, long
walls of net, with which the herring are shut in in the bays and
sounds, and the so-called «synkenøter», pieces of net 40 fathoms
square. This implement is managed by 4 boats at a time. It is
laid flat upon the bottom, and is hauled up by ropes at all four
corners simultaneously.
The species that play the most important part among
Norwegian fish all appear to be northern animal forms, and in accordance
with this, the sea is far richer in the northern than in the southern
districts. In this way, about 80 per cent of the large fisheries
are north of Stad.
The largest Norwegian fisheries are, moreover, periodic, and of
such regularity that there are fisheries that have been carried on
for thousands of years, and yet the fish never seem to have failed
to appear at their regular season, e.g. the famous Lofoten fishery.
These periodic fisheries owe their existence to those species of fish
that make regular annual migrations in to the coast, especially
cod, herring, mackerel and salmon. In 1807, there were fished:
| about | 61.5 | million | cod ....... | value | 12½ | million | kr. |
| » | 42 | » | gallons herring . . . | » | 7½ | » | » |
| » | 1.5 | » | mackerel . . . . . | » | ¼ | » | » |
| » | 2.2 | » | lbs. salmon & sea-trout | » | 1 | » | » |
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