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- Fisheries, by Johan Hjort
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still an open question whether pisciculture could he carried on
successfully.
Next to the salmon, the trout (Salmo trutta) and the red char
(Salmo alpinus) are the most important. They are caught with
hook or net for household use, or for sale in the immediate
neighbourhood. Further may be mentioned the gwyniad (Coregonus
lavaretus), the pike (Esox lucius), the pike-perch (Lucioperca sandra),
and the perch (Perca fluviatilis). The profits of these fisheries are
no doubt small, but hardly permit of calculation. Eel (Anguilla
vulgaris) fishing presents the greatest possibility of development,
but as yet, little attention has been paid to it.
LEGISLATION AND ADMINISTRATION.
As regards legislation, the country maintains the sole right of
Norwegian subjects to the fishing within a territorial boundary
line, drawn at a distance of 4 miles from the outermost islands
and rocks round the coast. In the great fjords such as
Vestfjorden and Varangerfjorden, where the breadth is sometimes as
much as 60 miles, the Norwegians maintain the sole right to
the fisheries, basing their claim upon the fact that the fishing in
those waters has been carried on exclusively by Norwegians for
at least a thousand years. The fishing in salt water is in general
open to all Norwegians, of course with the restrictions that have
been found necessary in the large fisheries for the maintenance of
order. Moreover, the right of having fixed appliances is always
reserved to the land-owner, while the right to the use of the shore
for fishing with movable appliances (lines, nets), is free with
certain restrictions, as in some places the ground-owner maintains
the right to the fishing, while in others he claims a share in the
profits, the so-called «landslod». At the large fisheries this is by
no means inconsiderable. For the rest, free fishing is restricted by
various protective regulations.
The administration of the fisheries falls under the province of
the Department of the Interior, where a referee is appointed in
fishing matters. For the salt-water fisheries, there are moreover
4 inspectors of fisheries, each in a separate district, while the
fresh-water fisheries all over the country are under one inspector.
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