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- Commerce and Shipping, by A. Th. Klær
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III. NORWEGIAN COMMERCE AND SHIPPING
SINCE 1850.
During the latter half of the century, our commerce and
shipping made such progress as it has hardly ever done before in
such a short space of time.
This especially applies to shipping. From 1850 to 1879, the
Norwegian mercantile marine increased from 289,000 to 1,527,000
tons, i.e. more than five times. In 1899 we had, as stated on
page 404, a tonnage of 1,558,000 tons, whereof 438,000 tons are
represented by steam vessels. These latter have for the most part
been acquired during the last 20 years, as our steamship tonnage
in 1879 only amounted to 52,000 tons. The first Norwegian steam
vessels commenced to run as early as 1827, but as late as 1864,
our total fleet of steam vessels amounted to only about 5,000 tons.
The aggregate effective carrying power of the Norwegian
mercantile marine (considering one steamship ton equal to 3.6 sailing
tons) is at present about 2,700,000 tons, that is to say, about
nine times as large as in 1850.
The development of Norwegian shipping will also be clearly
apparent from the following table of the aggregate tonnage sailing
under the Norwegian flag, cleared with cargo from foreign ports
or from Norway for foreign ports:
| Years (on an average) | Tonnage (in thousands of reg. tons) of Norwegian vessels cleared with cargo |
| From Norway for foreign ports | From other countries | Total |
| For Norway | For other countries |
| 1846—50 ..... | 419 | 143 | 248 | 810 |
| 1851—60 | 570 | 200 | 530 | 1,300 |
| 1861—70 . . | 790 | 288 | 1,310 | 2,388 |
| 1871—80 ..... | 969 | 471 | 2,794 | 4,234 |
| 1881—90 ..... | 1,316 | 781 | 3,558 | 5,655 |
| 1891—95 ..... | 1,560 | 1,098 | 4,292 | 6,950 |
| 1896—98 ..... | 1,765 | 1,166 | 5,580 | 8,511 |
It appears from this table that the Norwegian mercantile
marine at present performs about ten times as much work as was
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