Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Means of Communication, by Bernh. Andersen, Andr. M. Hansen and J. T. Sommerschild
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river, which was built between 1625 and 1630. In the course of
the 17th and 18th centuries, especially the latter part of the 18th,
the main lines in the East Country, and thence over to the West
(Filefjeld) and North Country (Dovrefjeld) were made practicable,
while in the coast districts, west and north, they generally
remained in their former condition These oldest driving-roads
often followed the original bridle-paths, up hill and down dale,
with gradients of as much as 1 in 5, or even 1 in 3. Blasting
was seldom employed, but on the other hand embankments were
often built. On difficult sloping rock, wooden bridges were
sometimes laid.
After 1814, by royal decree, roads were first specially
constructed to the Swedish frontier. But road-making was not
prosecuted with any real vigour until after the middle of the 19th
century, when a thorough reform was simultaneously carried out
in the organisation of matters pertaining to roads, and new
principles introduced in their structure.
The highways act of 1851 brought in local government for
the roads department. While formerly it was the king who
decided what main roads were to be built — in the country
districts the prefect — the whole decision was left to the authorities
chosen by the people, the Storthing and the county and municipal
councils. The expenses of the main roads are partly borne by the
county or counties concerned; but the government grants a
considerable proportion of the cost of making. Resolutions as to the
making of new roads are therefore taken by the Storthing,
conditional on the voting, by the districts concerned, of an amount
which, in addition to the expenses of ground and fences, is fixed
at from ⅕ to ⅓ the cost of construction. The central
administration and preparation of the roads budgets has been, since
1864, in the hands of a director, who is now under the department
of public works. The maintenance of the main roads, on the other
hand, with the exception of a few border and mountain roads,
falls entirely to the districts.
The cross-roads [[** NB ordet skrives neste side i 2 ord]] are made by the districts themselves, generally,
however, with a contribution from the county funds, and of late
years from the Exchequer also. In each separate county, the
magistrates retained the controlling authority; but the fuller
administration of the roads is conducted by road inspectors
appointed by the county, county engineers. During the last few
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