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- Part I
- Inflection of Words
- I. The Noun
- IIIrd. Declension
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70. The feminines of this declension have also several
kinds of modification of vowels; some cannot be modified,
some have a doubled form of declension after this or the
former specimen, as:
| Present Declension: | Former Declension: |
Sing. | Nom. Acc. | hnot (nut) | staung | mörk (wood) | staung (stake, stock) [[** oppsett redigert her **]] |
Dat. | hnot | staung | mörku | staung |
Gen. | hnotar | steingr | markar | stángar |
Plur. | Nom. Acc. | hnetr | steingr | markir | stángir |
Dat. | hnotum | staungum | mörkum | staungum |
Gen. | hnota; | stánga; | marka; | stánga. |
The modification in staung, steingr̓ [[** NB aksent her, men ikke ovenfor **]] is in reality the
same, as in mörk, merkr̓ (67) as it is merely a mechanical
consequence of ng, the ö changes into au and e into ei, we
also often find stöng, stangar, stengr̓ (34).
The words which are declined in two ways like mörk
and staung are chiefly the following:
strönd (strand), rönd (edge) [[** mgl vel komma her?: dansk har komma **]] spaung, taung, haunk.
A difference of signification is only accidental, as:
önd, Plur. endr͗ the duck — önd, Plur. andir, a spirit,
ghost (dan.: en Ånd.)
Strönd, rönd, önd receive in the Gen. Sing. always
strandar, randar, andar; so that önd, spirit, differs only in
one case in the singular, and two cases in the Plural from
önd, duck, Dat. Sing. öndu, Nom. and Acc. Plur. andir.
71. Some accented monosyllables deviate by contraction,
if the final syllable begins with a vowel, so that á absorbs
a, u but ó, ú, absorbs only the u; as:
tá, ten, G. tár (for táar) — Plur. tær, D. tám (for táum)
klo, claw, G. klóar — Plur. klœr, klóm, klóa
á, sheep (hunfår), Gen. — Plur. ær.
kú, cow, G. kýr — Plur. kýr.
These forms ær and kýr we find in the modern language given
to the Sing. Nom.; so that both these words are in the Sing.
Nom. and Plur. Nom. and Acc. the same.
Others blend the r of the Plural with the final letter,
as brún, Plur. brýnn (Egilss. S. 306 and in the Edda
Helgakv. Haddsk. 19) now we say brýn, or brýr; mús forms
the Plur. in mýss or mýs; dyrr or dyr, door, is only found
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