A short practical and easy method of learning the old Norsk tongue or Icelandic language / 26 (1869) Author: Rasmus Rask Table of Contents / Innehåll | << Previous | Next >>
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Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Part I - Inflection of Words - II. Adjectives - The Comparison of Adjectives

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sammœðra, forvitri, forvitra (Fms. 6,56) also: örviti
(Fms. 7,158), málóði (Færeyjíngas S. 218), fulltiði (Egilss.
185).

The Comparison of Adjectives.

98. The Comparative is formed in Icelandic by:
-ara (neut.), ari (masc.), ari (fem.), (kalda-ra, colder;
harða-ra, harder); which takes the place of the a in the definite
form. The fem. Sing, and all genders of the Plur. retain i
everywhere (rarely Dat. in -um) as: spaka, Comparative; [[** semikolon sic: intet tilsvarende i dansk **]]
spakara

	Neut.	Masc.	Fem.
Sing. Nom.	spakara	spakari	spakari
Gen. Dat. Acc.	spakara	spakara	spakari
		⏟
Plur. Nom. Gen. Dat. Acc.		spakari [[** dansk føyer til: (H. [=D.] spökurum). **]]

[[** NB Foregående tabell har avvikende oppsett iflg kilden selv. **]]


99. The Superlative is formed by adding to the root
-ast, astr, ust, and is thus declined:

		Neut.	Masc.	Fem.
Indef. form.	Nom.	spakast	spakastr̓	spökust
Acc.		spakast	spakastan	spakasta etc.
Def. form.	Nom.	spakasta	spakasti	spakasta
Acc.		spakasta	spakasta	spökustu etc.

Those which shorten in the Posit., also do so in the other
degrees, if the same cause exists, namely, that the termination
begins with a vowel, as:

        auðgara, auðgari, auðgast, auðgastr̓, auðgust etc.

100. There is however in many cases a shorter manner of
formation for these degrees, namely by dropping the final -a
and adding for the Comparative -ra, -ri, -ri, and for the
Superlative -st, -str, -st. The modification of vowels which requires
-r takes place (see 33. 34).

hit	fagra	fegra	-ri	fegr̓st	fegr̓str̓	fegr̓st
—	lága	lægra	-ri	lægst	lægstr̓	lægst, lowest
—	lánga	leingra	-ri	leingst	leingstr͗	leingst, longest
or	langa	lengra	-ri	lengst	lengstr̓	lengst
hit	þraungva	þreingra	-ri	þreingst	-str̓	-st, closest
or	þröngva	þrengra	-ri	þrengst	-str̓	-st, narrowest
hit	stóra	stœrra	-ri	stœrst	-str̓	-st, greatest

[[** tabell forts. neste side **]]

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