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to the plenipotentiaries at the Congress at
Paris in 1856, the English “Peace Society”
succeeded in inducing them to introduce into
one of the protocols a solemn recognition of
the principle of Arbitration. In the name of
their governments they expressed the wish that
the states between which any serious
misunderstanding should arise, should, as far as
circumstances permitted, submit the question to the
arbitration of a friendly power before resorting
to arms. This proposition, which was
unanimously adopted, was made by Lord Clarendon,
the representative of England, and supported
by the emissaries of France, Prussia, and
Italy,—Walewsky, Manteufel, and Cavour.
But the first movement in favour of
independent Treaties of Arbitration came up in a
petition in 1847, from the English Peace Society to
Parliament.
The next year this subject was discussed in
the Peace Congress at Brussels.
A few months later, Cobden brought forward
in the House of Commons an address to the
Government, with the request that the Minister
of Foreign Affairs should be charged to invite
foreign powers to enter into treaties with this
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