Full resolution (TIFF) - On this page / på denna sida - I. Chapter. On Punishments
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a wrong effect; acting most severely on the least
dangerous, and least deterring those who are most
to be feared?
These views of the inapplicability of the system
of transportation, are not only approved in theory;
they are also confirmed by the experience of that
country, which has applied it on the largest scale,
namely Great Britain. It was towards the end of
the last century, that England, giving up the
successful attempts already made with regard to places
of correction, began to transport her criminals, first
to her American colonies, and, after they had
rendered themselves independent of the mother
country, to Botany-Bay, which has since then become
so renowned. This measure has not, however,
answered the great hopes that were founded on it;
for since that time, crimes, especially against
property, or those which are principally punished with
transportation, have increased to such an alarming
degree, that they have, according to Beaumont
and Tocqueville, been nearly tripled within about
twenty years.
This deplorable state of things attracted the
public attention about ten years since, to the
inapplicability of the punishment of transportation. But
the return from the path commenced is met by
great hindrances on account of the immense sums
already laid out, and of the need of workmen in
the colonies founded in Australia. It was tried at
first, to make transportation more deterring, by
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