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THE ECONOMIC RESOURCES OF RUSSIA 105
the Western frontier of the Empire to the Pacific Ocean,
only interrupted by the Ural and the Altai Mountains, is
favoured with very fertile soil. In the central provinces,
the famous black earth yields for several years consecutively
an excellent harvest without the need of any artificial
fertilisation.
Russia is one of the world’s principal producers of grain.
According to estimates made by experts, she produces 51
per cent, of the rye, 25 per cent, of the oats, 33 per cent,
of the barley, and 22 per cent, of the wheat grown on the
surface of the globe. According to the Russian Statistical
Annual published in 1915, the area under cultivation in
1914 comprised 133,658,843 dessiatinas (260,878,876 acres),
of which were cultivated :
Dessiatinas Acres Percentage of the total area
With grain (rye and wheat) 78.386,257 211,642,893 58-2
,, potatoes . 3.536,130 9.547.551 2-7
,, oats 17,644,894 47,641,213 13-2
Of grazing meadows 34,645,032 93.54^586 25-9
The harvest in 1914 comprised :
Poods Tons
Grain ..... 3,680,026,100 59,355.°°°
Potatoes ..... 1,621,300,300 26,150,000
Oats..... 808,764,900 I3.°45.°°°
Hay..... 2.973»I49.5°° 47.945.°°°
This harvest showed an increase (+) or a decrease (—)
on the average of the five years 1909-13 as to :
Poods
Grain (rye and wheat) ( —) 65,154,700 or 98-2 per cent, of that average.
Potatoes . . . (+) 103,263,900 „ 106-8 „ „
Oats . . . ( —) 88,049,800 „ 91-2 ,, ,,
An ever-increasing quantity of Russian food-stuffs is
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