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102 PROBLEMS CONFRONTING RUSSIA
in a country like Russia which can supply an unlimited
number of pigs.
Tobacco.—The cultivation and manufacture of tobacco is
another very promising economic feature of Russia, which
is already in a flourishing condition. According to the
Russian Statistical Annual, the total area under cultivation
of tobacco in Russia comprised, in 1913, 295,409 tobacco
plantations, covering an area of 154,327 acres. Russia,
therefore, already occupies the second place among the
tobacco-growing countries. In 1913 the area under tobacco
was, in the United States, 1,209,600 acres ; in Hungary,
110,700 acres ; in Japan, 75,600 acres ; in Germany, 35,100
acres, and in Rumania, 27,000 acres.
Not less than 84"8o per cent, of the tobacco plantations
are to be found in European Russia proper, while the rest
are situated in the Asiatic parts of the Empire. The
following figures show the number of plantations and the area
under tobacco in the different parts of the Empire in 1914 :
Number of plantations Area under cultivation
Dessiatinas Acres
European Russia proper 250,394 35,406-85 95.593
Vistula Provinces . 6 Not mentioned —
The Caucasus 23,747 20,916-6 56,464
Siberia and the Steppe Region. 21,253 760 2,052
Turkestan .... 9 75 202
In the northern parts the tobacco is of the common sort
known as mahorka, while in the Crimea and the Caucasus
the finer brands grown at Sukhum, Trapezund, Sotchi, and
Kutais are cultivated. Immense areas extending from
Novorossisk to the Turkish frontier along the Black Sea
shores known to be suitable for tobacco growing are not
yet cultivated. But as the demand for the finer brands of
Russian tobacco is growing in Russia as well as abroad, a
very considerable development of the Russian tobacco
industry is only a matter of time. Undoubtedly any
enterprise in that direction has the most brilliant prospects.
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