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BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
307
Ibsen wrote " The Doll’s House." It was that love, in a
woman, must be subordinated to duty, not in the limited
sense of conjugal duty, but in the wide sense of duty to
oneself and to mankind.
Contemporaneously with her dramatic works, the young
author wrote short stories, descriptions of travel, essays,
etc., principally for the " New Illustrated Journal," of
Stockholm.
Her works had already excited attention when, in 1882,
she first published a collection of tales under her own name.
The book was entitled " From Life " (a title that was added
to all her later works), and made an immense impression.
At one stroke Anna Carlotta Leffler acquired an eminent
place in northern literature — due, no doubt, partly to the
fact that she had never habituated the public to associate
her name with the miniature literary attempts of a beginner.
By translation into Danish, Russian, German, and other
languages, her name became famous abroad as one of the
best Swedish writers of the time. Many of her dramas
were represented on different Northern stages, and even in
Germany.
Not long ago her comedy, "A Charity Fair," was
translated into Italian. Benedetto Croce, a distinguished
Neapolitan critic, wrote an introduction to this publication.
It is owing to the purely Swedish character of her first
works that the social life of Sweden began to excite
interest in Europe.1
In 1883, the second volume of " From Life " was
published. It was written in a freer manner, with fine
sarcasm, and greater knowledge, but the public cried out
against the tendency of some of the stories. "At Strife
with Society" and "Aurora Bunge," the two most full of
genius, were called " scandalous."
But the adverse critics laid down their arms on the
appearance of the novel " Gustav, the Pastor," which was rich
in true Swedish humor.
1 The writer seems to have forgotten Frederika Bremer and
Emilie Flygare-Carlén.—I. F. H.
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