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The stand tecomes onecpral in age. Enclosed in the lower, central part
af every tr-onlc there is a iispar» vvhich, in its annoal rings, records t-he age
and develo piment of the farmer dv.-arf træ oi- yoong plant
Since the annoal rings of the dwarf træs ase very thin and, moreover,
often semilonar (compr the tea:t to fig. 42) i.e. the annoal ring is lacldng
totally or partly in a large part of the tranlc a detailed stoly of the
different stages in the development reqoires a system of borings and coontings
vvhich denrand moch yodgement arrd accoracy.
HESSKOitiain arid the arrthor nse guite difierent »retliods. The former-has
made the borings at breast- height (1.3 meter above the soil sorface) arid, in
order to calcolate the grovvth of the tree doring its first year-s, itis supposed
that. the n om ter of annoal rings in the central 10 cm, at breast height, is
ato ut the same as in tie stump section (0. ’h. 0.3 m. above tle soil sorface).
In order to calcolate the length of time needed for the grovvth from the
st-oorp section to the breast height section, Hi:ssr;r,rux has tored a nomber of
spr-oces at the latter height and arri ved at the figor-e 13,5. Ttiis jmntliec of
jrevu’r, hoieever, is vncrei?/ mldLsi to t!\£ <vje of iha sjxveer, and, when it is added,
itis sometimes redoced to 10. Tiie nomber of year-s recjoired for- gro wth from
or-igo (the lev-el of the germinating seed) to the stomp section is totally
dis-rsgarded.
The present aothor has alvvays made his borings attheO.iSi 0.30 m. level,
and regrets ver-y moch that it. has proved impossible to malre the borings
forther- dovvn. He has, hovvever, in the primeval forest cot a nomber of dwarf
trees of atoot 0.3 m. height at ti» base, and foond, fist.ly that the annoal
rings indicate a ver-y lang and very variable time for the spr-oce to grow to a
height of 35 cm; secondly that tha-e is no direct airrelation, between the
t-hiclmess of the annoal rings in the central 10 cm of the basal seetion and
t-hat at breast height Consegoent-ly, borings at breast height fornish
practically no information about the endosed dvvarf træ; only when the dw-aif træ has
been talla- than 1.3 m. can infoimation be obtained aboot even its lateryears.
Unda- the stand of dwarf træs in storm-gaps normal yoong -plant.s also
develop. Althongh these en;j oy a normal access of light, they grow s lov.-ly
doring the first years. It- shoold te emphasized, that even colti vated sproces
in Uppsala glowing onda- optimal conditions repoire some 5 6 year-s to attain
a height of 30 cm. The coonting met-hod of Hksshki(ak gives v aloes which
ar-e most-ly 10 30 years too low. It is easy to onderstand vvhat soch a
miscalcnlation can mean if one considers Hi=sar;iniiw’s own hypothesis: i7 i by-
fores t shoold have bæn a pastore groond vvith a thin stand of tre es. The
original forest. shoold have leen trans farmed to pastore throogh cotting,
grasang arrd harvesting of branches etc. in the vddnity of a pottay factory
esnsting in 1755 17 95 in the adpacent Kvar-nberg. Åftei’ that preriod the
pastore shoold have been atandoned, to develop into the present forest mainly
by spe-rxes germinating aboot 1310. According to the present aothor, this
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